Greatly Auspicious Hexagram Dui Palace (Metal) · Third-Generation Hexagram

Hexagram 31: Influence (Xian)

Xian (Ze Shan Xian) · Lake (Marsh) Above Mountain

Hexagram Name
Influence · Xian (Ze Shan Xian)
Trigram Pair
Upper Dui (Lake) · Lower Gen (Mountain)
Eight-Palace Seat
Dui Palace (Metal) · World Line 3 / Response 6
Related Trio
Nuclear #44 · Opposite #41 · Inverse #32
In the King Wen sequence of the I Ching (Book of Changes), Hexagram 31: Influence (Xian (Ze Shan Xian)) places the Outer Trigram Dui (Lake) (Lake (Marsh), Metal) above the Inner Trigram Gen (Mountain) (Mountain, Earth). Within the Jing Fang Eight-Palace system of Six Lines divination (Liu Yao), this hexagram belongs to the Dui Palace (Metal) as its Third-Generation Hexagram, anchoring the World Line (Shi Yao) on Line 3 and the Response Line (Ying Yao) on Line 6. Lake above and Mountain below, water soaking into the mountain. This is the image of influence, of mutual feeling. Yin and Yang stir one another: love and marriage. Move others by sincerity of heart.

📜 Classical Texts: The Judgment & The Great Image

The Judgment (Gua Ci / Tuan Ci)
Influence (Xian (Ze Shan Xian))
Success; it is favourable to persevere. To take a maiden in marriage brings good fortune.
The Great Image (Da Xiang Zhuan)
Lake (Marsh) Above Mountain
A lake upon the mountain; the noble one keeps his mind empty and so receives others.

🧭 Trigram Architecture & Four-Hexagram Transformation Graph

At UK MASTER ACADEMY, no hexagram is read in isolation. Classical Chu Yi analysis situates Influence within its Upper-Lower trigram dynamic alongside three structural counterparts: the Nuclear Hexagram (hidden internal progression), the Opposite Hexagram (complete Yin-Yang polarity inversion), and the Inverse Hexagram (180-degree perspective reversal):

Structural Dimension Hexagram 31 Specification Metaphysical Role & Cross-System Link
Outer (Upper) Trigram ☱ Dui (Lake) · Lake (Marsh) (Metal) Governs the external environment, counterparts, public outcome, and later stage. Attribute: joyous exchange, eloquence, harmonious communication. Post-Heaven direction: West.
Inner (Lower) Trigram ☶ Gen (Mountain) · Mountain (Earth) Governs inner motivation, domestic foundation, and initial stage. Attribute: keeping still, boundary-setting, calm stability. Post-Heaven direction: Northeast.
Eight-Palace Lineage Dui Palace (Metal) · Third-Generation Hexagram World Line at Line 3, Response Line at Line 6. Standard Palace Configuration (Third-Generation Hexagram): evaluate the Five-Element generation and restriction between the World Line (Line 3) and Response Line (Line 6).
Nuclear Hexagram (Hu Gua) Hexagram 44: Coming to Meet (Gou) Formed from Lines 2-3-4 (lower) and Lines 3-4-5 (upper); reveals the latent middle phase and unspoken subtext driving the outcome.
Opposite Hexagram (Cuo Gua) Hexagram 41: Decrease (Sun) Inverts all six Yin and Yang lines; exposes the shadow polarity and complementary law when conditions reach their extreme.
Inverse Hexagram (Zong Gua) Hexagram 32: Duration (Heng) Turns the six-line stack upside down; shows how the exact same situation looks from the other party's vantage point.
Medical I Ching & Organ Axis Upper: Lung Meridian & Airways (Metal) · Lower: Stomach & Spleen Meridian (Earth) Anatomical resonance: mouth, tongue, teeth, bronchi, respiratory mucosa and hands, spine, joints, stomach, upper digestive tract. Explore deeper diagnostics in our Body & Five Elements Atlas.

📐 Na Jia Six-Line Matrix (Wen Wang Gua / Six Lines System)

In Six Lines Divination (Wen Wang Gua), each line of Hexagram 31 Influence is assigned a Heavenly Stem, Earthly Branch, Five-Element phase, and one of the Five Six-Relatives calibrated against the Dui Palace (Metal) element. Whenever a Six-Relative is absent from the primary six lines, its Hidden God (Fu Shen) is drawn from the pure Palace Head hexagram:

Line Position (Top to Bottom) Na Jia Stem & Branch Six Relative & Hidden God Single-Line Transformed Hexagram
Line 6 (Six at the Top)Response Ding Wei (Goat) · Earth Parents (Fu Mu) Transforms into Hexagram 33: Retreat
Line 5 (Nine in the Fifth Place) Ding You (Rooster) · Metal Siblings (Xiong Di) Transforms into Hexagram 62: Preponderance of the Small
Line 4 (Nine in the Fourth Place) Ding Hai (Pig) · Water Offspring (Zi Sun) Transforms into Hexagram 39: Obstruction
Line 3 (Nine in the Third Place)World Bing Shen (Monkey) · Metal Siblings (Xiong Di) Transforms into Hexagram 45: Gathering Together
Line 2 (Six in the Second Place) Bing Wu (Horse) · Fire Officer and Ghost (Guan Gui)Hidden: Wife and Wealth (Qi Cai) · Ding Mao (Rabbit) (Wood) Transforms into Hexagram 28: Preponderance of the Great
Line 1 (Six at the Beginning) Bing Chen (Dragon) · Earth Parents (Fu Mu) Transforms into Hexagram 49: Revolution

📊 Line-by-Line Commentary: All 6 Moving Lines & Transformations

Counted from the bottom upward (Initial, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Top), the six lines trace the complete arc of an affair from inception to culmination. When casting with our Three-Coin I Ching Tool or Plum Blossom Divination Calculator, focus on the moving line(s) alongside the resulting Transformed Hexagram:

Line 1 · Six at the Beginning Yin Line · Parents (Fu Mu) · Earth Changes to Hexagram 49: Ge
Line Text: The influence is felt in the big toe.\n
Lesser Image: A stirring in the big toe; the will is still turned outward and has not yet entered upon the real matter.\n

Master Ưng Khiêm's Commentary: You are at the very first moment of a stirring of feeling, as though the sensation had reached only the tip of your toe, still very slight, not yet enough to produce any concrete action. I have seen that this is the natural stage of every newly budding affection; there is no need to push it along, let it grow of itself. A first stirring, however small, is a sign worth valuing, so do not make light of it, but do not inflate it too early either.\n

When Line 1 Moves in Divination: Wealth: a new business idea is only germinating and is not ripe enough to act on. Work: a new opportunity has just appeared, and it is far too early to decide. Love: the feeling has only just budded; let it be natural and do not hurry to declare yourself. Health: the unusual sign is still very slight, so keep watching. Decisions: this is not yet the time to act; observe further.\n
Strategic Counsel: A first stirring, however small, deserves respect, but do not hurry it along too far while it is still so early.
Line 2 · Six in the Second Place Yin Line · Officer and Ghost (Guan Gui) · Fire Changes to Hexagram 28: Da Guo
Line Text: A stirring in the calf; inauspicious; to stay still is auspicious.\n
Lesser Image: Though inauspicious, to stay still is auspicious, because following the natural order does no harm.\n

Master Ưng Khiêm's Commentary: You are at the stage where the stirring has spread further, as the sensation moves from the toe up into the calf, and you want to move, to act at once upon the feeling. But I have seen that if you hurry to step out on that urge you will easily meet with something unpleasant, whereas if you restrain yourself and keep still until the right moment, it turns out well. Strong feeling does not mean you must act immediately.\n

When Line 2 Moves in Divination: Wealth: however attractive it looks, do not put money down in haste; keep watching. Work: the opportunity feels urgent, but you must wait patiently for the right time. Love: feeling is surging, but do not act on it too soon; a slower pace will serve you better. Health: do not rush into heavy exercise before your body is ready. Decisions: restrain the urge; staying still is the best course.\n
Strategic Counsel: A surge of feeling is natural, but acting on it right now leads easily to error; restraint is the wise thing.
Line 3 · Nine in the Third Place Yang Line · Siblings (Xiong Di) · Metal · World Line Changes to Hexagram 45: Cui
Line Text: A stirring in the thigh, holding to what one is following; to go forward is regrettable.\n
Lesser Image: A stirring in the thigh, which also cannot keep still; the will knows only to follow others, and what it holds to is low.\n

Master Ưng Khiêm's Commentary: You are in a passive place, your feelings simply swept along after other people and after circumstance, without initiative or self-command of your own, like a thigh that only moves as the feet move and cannot choose its own direction. I advise you that this is the time to stop and look, and not to let yourself become a shadow running after someone else and losing your own judgement; if you go on this way it will end in regret.\n

When Line 3 Moves in Divination: Wealth: do not follow the crowd into an investment without a view of your own. Work: you need a position of your own and should not simply do as others wish. Love: loving because you were swept along rather than because you truly understand each other leads easily to regret later. Health: do not follow another person's method blindly. Decisions: stop and settle your own position before you act.\n
Strategic Counsel: To keep running after the feelings and wishes of others with no view of your own is a road that can hardly avoid regret.
Line 4 · Nine in the Fourth Place Yang Line · Offspring (Zi Sun) · Water Changes to Hexagram 39: Jian
Line Text: To hold to correctness is auspicious and regret vanishes; the heart goes back and forth in hesitation, and only friends will follow your thoughts.\n
Lesser Image: To hold to correctness is auspicious and regret vanishes, because the influence has done no harm; the heart goes back and forth in hesitation, because the Way of influence is not yet broad and great.\n

Master Ưng Khiêm's Commentary: You stand at the very centre of this mutual influence: your heart is truly moved, and yet you still waver, turning the matter over from every side. I have seen that what matters most now is to keep your integrity in your affections and not to let an unsettled heart spoil the bond. When your heart is sincere and steady, only those who are truly kindred spirits will answer to it, while affection spread thinly here and there will hardly find anyone to walk beside you in earnest.\n

When Line 4 Moves in Divination: Wealth: keep your word in your partnerships and sincere partners will come to you of themselves. Work: staying firm on the right course will draw good colleagues to you. Love: keep your sincerity even while you waver; one who is true will understand and stay. Health: a wavering mood affects your health, so keep your spirit steady. Decisions: hold to what is right within, and do not let hesitation drag on too long.\n
Strategic Counsel: It is natural for the heart to waver, but only steady sincerity will gather true kindred spirits around you.
Line 5 · Nine in the Fifth Place Yang Line · Siblings (Xiong Di) · Metal Changes to Hexagram 62: Xiao Guo
Line Text: A stirring in the back; no regret.\n
Lesser Image: A stirring in the back; the will has reached its final and settled point.\n

Master Ưng Khiêm's Commentary: You are in a high place, and the influence has moved into a firm region like the back: quiet, steady, no longer fluttering about as in the earlier lines. I have seen in this the sign of a bond or a relationship that has matured, that no longer needs to display feeling outwardly because it has soaked into a durable foundation. For that very reason, though it may lack some warmth and ardour, there is nothing at all to regret.\n

When Line 5 Moves in Divination: Wealth: your working partnerships have settled into a stable and durable state, with little to worry about. Work: your position is firm, so develop it further with an easy mind. Love: the affection has gone into a settled depth; it is no longer as ardent as at first, but it is firm. Health: your constitution is stable; keep to your present way of living. Decisions: rest easy on the foundation you have built; no great change is needed.\n
Strategic Counsel: When affection or work has soaked into a firm foundation, no display is needed; simply hold steady, and there is nothing to regret.
Line 6 · Six at the Top Yin Line · Parents (Fu Mu) · Earth · Response Line Changes to Hexagram 33: Dun
Line Text: A stirring in the jaws, the cheeks and the tongue.\n
Lesser Image: A stirring in the jaws, cheeks and tongue is only fine talk floating on the lips.\n

Master Ưng Khiêm's Commentary: You have come to the last stage of Xian (Influence), but the influence now stops at words, at the lips and the mouth, with no action or heart to go with it. I must say plainly that fine words without substance can hardly move anyone deeply or lastingly; they are only an outward display. Take this as a reminder to look again, and not to let your relationship or your work be reduced to empty talk.\n

When Line 6 Moves in Divination: Wealth: many promises but too little action in practice; look again at this. Work: talking without doing will not persuade anyone for long. Love: sweet words are not enough; sincere action must go with them if affection is to be kept. Health: do not merely talk about changing your way of living without doing it. Decisions: examine whether you are truly acting or only talking.\n
Strategic Counsel: However fine your words, they need action and a true heart behind them, or they are only a feeling that passes over the lips.

🌟 Practical Divination Across Major Life Domains

Overall strategic trajectory of Hexagram 31 Influence · UK MASTER ACADEMY

1. Overall Trajectory & Strategic Timing

Lake above and Mountain below, water soaking into the mountain. This is the image of influence, of mutual feeling. Yin and Yang stir one another: love and marriage. Move others by sincerity of heart. Because Dui (Lake) (Metal) rides above Gen (Mountain) (Earth), the hexagram asks you to align inner preparation (keeping still, boundary-setting, calm stability) with outward execution (joyous exchange, eloquence, harmonious communication).

Core Decision Principle: A lake upon the mountain; the noble one keeps his mind empty and so receives others. At the ruler's fifth position, classical guidance emphasizes: rest easy on the foundation you have built; no great change is needed.

Career and wealth reading for Hexagram 31 Influence · UK MASTER ACADEMY

2. Career, Leadership & Financial Strategy

Career & Governance: In the opening phase (Line 1), the counsel for work is clear: a new opportunity has just appeared, and it is far too early to decide. As the hexagram matures to its fifth position (Line 5), leadership reaches its decisive test: your position is firm, so develop it further with an easy mind. Anchor your authority on the World Line (Line 3) while observing how counterparts respond at Line 6.

Wealth & Capital Allocation: Early financial posture requires discipline: a new business idea is only germinating and is not ripe enough to act on. When conditions ripen at the fifth line, capital movement shifts: your working partnerships have settled into a stable and durable state, with little to worry about. In Six Lines casting, examine the Wife and Wealth (Qi Cai) line within the Dui Palace table above to judge liquidity and timing.

Love, marriage, and family dynamics in Hexagram 31 Influence · UK MASTER ACADEMY

3. Relationships, Marriage & Family Harmony

Relational harmony depends on the resonance between the Inner Trigram (Gen (Mountain), self/home) and Outer Trigram (Dui (Lake), partner/environment). In the developing inner stage (Line 2), relationship dynamics indicate: feeling is surging, but do not act on it too soon; a slower pace will serve you better. At maturity (Line 5), the bond reflects: the affection has gone into a settled depth; it is no longer as ardent as at first, but it is firm.

Remember to cross-check the Nuclear Hexagram (Hexagram 44: Coming to Meet) when unspoken emotional expectations or family pressures sit beneath the surface.

Health and Five-Element constitutional balance in Hexagram 31 Influence · UK MASTER ACADEMY

4. Health, Constitutional Qi & Medical I Ching

In classical Medical Yi (Yi Yi), Dui (Lake) corresponds to the mouth, tongue, teeth, bronchi, respiratory mucosa, whereas Gen (Mountain) governs the hands, spine, joints, stomach, upper digestive tract. Early moving-line diagnostics note: the unusual sign is still very slight, so keep watching. At the uppermost extreme (Line 6), guard against overextension: do not merely talk about changing your way of living without doing it.

Cross-reference your birth chart's Useful God in Four Pillars of Destiny (BaZi) and inspect meridian-organ resonances in our Body and Five Elements Atlas whenever chronic fatigue or seasonal flare-ups arise.

Five-Element timing and auspicious directions for Hexagram 31 Influence · UK MASTER ACADEMY

5. Five-Element Resonance, Timing & Spatial Alignment

🌿
Palace Element
Metal (Dui Palace)
🧭
Key Directions
Outer: West · Inner: Northeast
📅
Peak Seasonal Qi
Autumn (Lunar Months 7 to 9; Shen and You branches)
🎨
Harmonizing Palette
White, gold, silver, ivory

Number Resonance & Plum Blossom Numerology Application

When phone sequences, vehicle plates, or personal identifiers map onto Hexagram 31: Influence under Pre-Heaven Bagua numerology, they carry the energetic signature of Dui (Lake) (Metal) over Gen (Mountain) (Earth). In authentic Eastern metaphysics, evaluate whether the Palace element (Metal) supports your personal Useful God (Yong Shen) in the Four Pillars of Destiny before judging suitability.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions About Hexagram 31: Influence

Is Hexagram 31 Influence (Xian) auspicious or inauspicious in the I Ching?
Hexagram 31 Influence (Xian (Ze Shan Xian)) is classified as a Greatly Auspicious Hexagram. Its classical Judgment states: Success; it is favourable to persevere. To take a maiden in marriage brings good fortune. In authentic divination, however, good or ill fortune depends on the specific question asked, which of the six lines are moving, and how the Palace and Use-God elements interact with the month and day of casting.
What are the Upper Trigram, Lower Trigram, and Eight-Palace positions of Hexagram 31?
Hexagram 31 places Dui (Lake) (Lake (Marsh), Metal) above Gen (Mountain) (Mountain, Earth). In Jing Fang's Eight-Palace system, it belongs to the Dui Palace (Metal) as the Third-Generation Hexagram, with the World Line on Line 3 and the Response Line on Line 6.
What are the Nuclear, Opposite, and Inverse hexagrams of Hexagram 31 Influence?
Its Nuclear Hexagram (Hu Gua, hidden middle development) is Hexagram 44 Coming to Meet (Gou); its Opposite Hexagram (Cuo Gua, full polarity inversion) is Hexagram 41 Decrease (Sun); and its Inverse Hexagram (Zong Gua, overturned perspective) is Hexagram 32 Duration (Heng).
Which Transformed Hexagrams arise when each of the 6 lines of Hexagram 31 moves?
Single moving-line transformations for Hexagram 31 are: Line 1 changes into Hexagram 49 Revolution (Ge); Line 2 changes into Hexagram 28 Preponderance of the Great (Da Guo); Line 3 changes into Hexagram 45 Gathering Together (Cui); Line 4 changes into Hexagram 39 Obstruction (Jian); Line 5 changes into Hexagram 62 Preponderance of the Small (Xiao Guo); Line 6 changes into Hexagram 33 Retreat (Dun).
How can I cast Hexagram 31 using traditional Three-Coin, Six Lines, or Plum Blossom methods?
You can cast and analyze Hexagram 31 online free of charge using UK MASTER ACADEMY's I Ching Three-Coin Casting tool, the Wen Wang Gua Six Lines Na Jia Chart calculator, or the Plum Blossom Numerology (Mei Hua Yi Shu) calculator.
Authored & Verified by Master Ưng Khiêm (Trần Quốc Dũng) · UK MASTER ACADEMY

Part of the 64-Hexagram & 384-Line Classical I Ching Compendium by UK MASTER ACADEMY, synthesizing Zhouyi Zhengyi, Jing Fang's Eight-Palace Na Jia lineage, and Shao Yong's Plum Blossom Numerology.

Cast a Live Hexagram or Compute Your Full Na Jia Six-Line Chart

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